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Тема по английскому языку: Джек Лондон
Топик по английскому языку: Джек Лондон (Jack London). Данный текст может быть использован в качестве презентации, проекта, рассказа, эссе, сочинения или сообщения на тему.
Американский писатель
Джек Лондон родился в 1876 в Сан-Франциско. Его настоящее имя было Джон Гриффит. Он был самым успешным писателем Америки начала 20 века, чья жизнь символизировала силу воли.
Происхождение
Семья Лондона была очень бедна, поэтому он начал работать в возрасте 8 лет. Он продавал газеты, работал на кораблях и фабриках. Джек путешествовал через океан как моряк, шел пешком из Сан Франциско в Нью Йорк с армией безработных и назад через Канаду в Ванкувер. Лондон изучал великих мастеров литературы и читал работы великих ученых и философов.
Заключение
Поворотным событием в жизни Джека было тридцатидневное заключение, которое заставило учиться и позднее заняться писательской деятельностью.
Лучшие короткие рассказы
В 1987 году Джек Лондон присоединился к золотой лихорадке и направился в Клондайк. Он не принес с собой золота, но те годы оставили свой след в его лучших коротких рассказах; среди них «Зов предков», «Белый клык», «Сын волка» и «Белое безмолвие». Они представляют собой захватывающее повествование о борьбе человека с природой. Его роман «Морской волк» основан на опыте, полученном в море.
Проблемы индивидуумов и общества, а также некоторые трудности, с которыми Лондон сам столкнулся в первые годы как писатель описаны в «Железной пяте» и «Мартине Идене».
Последние годы жизни
В течение 16 лет своей литературной деятельности Джек Лондон издал около 50 книг: Короткие рассказы, романы и эссе. В 1910 году Лондон поселился около Глен Элен в Калифорнии, где намеревался построить дом своей мечты. После того как дом сгорел до его завершения в 1913, Лондон был разбитым и больным человеком. Джек Лондон умер от различных болезней и лечения с помощью наркотиков в возрасте 40 лет в 1916.
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Jack London
American writer
Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco. His real name was John Griffit. He was the most successful writer in America in the early 20 th century, whose life symbolized the power of will.
Background
London’s family was very poor, so he began to work at the age of eight. He sold newspapers, worked on ships and in factories. Jack travelled across the ocean as a sailor, tramped from San Francisco to New York with an army of unemployed and back through Canada to Vancouver. London studied the great masters of literature and read the works of great scientists and philosophers.
Imprisonment
The turning point of Jack’s life was a thirty-day imprisonment, which made him decide to turn to education and pursue a career in writing.
His best short stories
In 1897 Jack London joined the gold rush to the Klondike. He didn’t bring any gold back with him but those years left their mark in his best short stories; among them The Call of the Wild, White Fang, The Son of the Wolf, and The white silence. They are gripping narratives of a man’s struggle with nature. His novel The Sea Wolf was based on his experiences at sea.
The problems of the individual and society as well as some of the difficulties London himself met during the first years of his literary work are described in The Iron Heel and Martin Eden.
The last year of life
During the sixteen years of his literary career Jack London published about fifty books: short stories, novels and essays. In 1910 London settled near Glen Ellen in California, where he intended to build his dream home. After the house burned down before completion in 1913, London was a broken and sick man. Jack London died from various diseases and drug treatments at the age of forty in 1916.
Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco. His real name was John Griffit. His father was a farmer. The family was extremely poor and the boy had to earn his living after school. He sold newspapers, worked at a factory. Later he became a sailor; during some time he wandered vrith the unemployed.
For a year he attended the Oakland High school and spent a semester at the University of California, but as he had no money he had to stop his studies and went to work again.
This time it was a laundry. In 1897 he went to the Klondike as a gold miner. His first short story was published in 1898.
Some of the difficulties he met during the first years of his literary work are described in his novel «Martin Eden».
During the sixteen years of his literary career Jack London published about fifty books: short stories, novels and essays. In his best stories London described the severe life and struggle of people against nature.
He died at the age of forty in 1916.
Джек Лондон (перевод)
Джек Лондон родился в Сан-Франциско в 1876 году.
Его настоящее имя — Джон Гриффит. Его отец был крестьянином. Семья была очень бедная, и мальчику приходилось зарабатывать на жизнь после школы. Он продавал газеты» работал на фабрике. Позже он стал матросом. Некоторое время он скитался вместе с безработными.
Он проучился год в Оклендской высшей школе и один семестр в Калифорнийском университете. Но так как у него не было денег, ему пришлось оставить занятия и опять идти работать.
На этот раз он работал в прачечной. В 1897 г. он поехал в Клондайк работать золотоискателем. Его первый рассказ был опубликован в 1898 г.
В романе «Мартин Иден» Джек Лондон описал трудности, с которыми он столкнулся в первые годы своей литературной деятельности.
За 16 лет своей литературной карьеры Джек Лондон опубликовал около 50 книг: рассказы, романы, эссе. В своих лучших рассказах он описывал суровую жизнь и борьбу людей с природой.
Он умер в возрасте сорока лет в 1916 году.
Біографія Джека Лондона на англійській мові наведена в цій статті.
Джек Лондон біографія англійською
Jack London’s full name was John Griffith London, and he was born in San Francisco. After completing grammar school, London worked at various jobs to help support his family. He briefly enrolled in a university and took English classes, for he loved to read and write. However, he was not happy with this formal education and he soon dropped out.
In 1897 and 1898, London, like many other American and Canadian men, went north to Alaska and the Klondike region of Canada to search for gold. This was the Alaska Gold Rush. Although London never found any gold, his experience in the extreme environment of this cold part of the world gave him ideas for the stories he would write when he decided to return to California.
Upon his return to the San Francisco area, he began to write about his experiences. After winning a writing contest, he succeeded in selling some of his stories and in 1900, he published a collection of his short stories, The Son of the Wolf.
Like Stephen Crane, London wrote in a Naturalistic style, in which a story’s actions and events are caused mainly by man’s internal biological needs, or by the external forces of nature and the environment. Many of his stories, including his masterpiece The Call of the Wild (1903), deal with civilized man getting back in touch with his deep, animal instincts.
I have to admit that I"m fond of reading. I like to read books about the history of our country, about famous people and adventures. Literature means much in my life. It helps to form the character and the world outlook, to understand life better. Books teach us to be honest, modest, and courageous. They help us to feel compassion for weak people.
Jack London became my favourite writer from his first books I"d read. First of all I got interested in Jack London as a personality. His life story struck me not less than his works. What a man! He was strong and talented. He lived a life of adventures and hardships, so he knew what he was writing about. In his novel Martin Iden he describes his biography. What a hard life he lived!
Jack London was born in San Francisco in 1876. From his childhood he suffered greatly. He changed a lot of jobs: selling out newspapers, working at the factory. He hated that kind of job, which exhausted people and made them suffer physically and morally.
Young Jack had no opportunity to go to school, so he studied privately reading much at night.
When gold was found in Alaska, Jack London joined the gold rush. He returned home without gold but with rich impressions about people with whom he met and made friends. They became the prototypes of his heroes.
The American novelist and short-story writer knew life in Alaska very well because he experienced it himself. That is why it is so interesting to read his novels "The Call of the Wild" and "White Fang" His heroes are bright personalities. They are physically strong and enduring people. They try to find a way out from the most difficult situations. They fight and survive.
The very first story The Love of Life caught my fancy. I was struck by the will of a sick man who found himself alone, side by side with a wolf. Both the man and the wolf were sick and weak. And each of them was waiting for the other to grow still weaker and faint in order to feed on him. The man won. While reading the story I admired the courage and human spirit of the hero.
The story "Brown Wolf" is not less interesting. Its about a dog and his devotion to people.
Later I read more novels and stories by Jack London. My fondness of Jack London, the greatest American writer, will stay with me all my life.
Джек Лондон
Я должен признаться, что люблю читать. Мне нравится читать книги об истории нашей страны, об известных людях и приключениях. Литература много значит в моей жизни. Она помогает формировать характер и кругозор, лучше понять жизнь. Книги учат нас быть честными, скромными и храбрыми. Они помогают нам чувствовать сострадание к слабым людям.
Джек Лондон стал моим любимым автором с его первых книг, прочитанных мною. Прежде всего я заинтересовался Джеком Лондоном как личностью. История его жизни поразила меня не меньше, чем его работы. Какой человек! Он был силен и талантлив. Он прожил жизнь с приключениями и трудностями, поэтому, он знал то, о чем писал. В романе «Мартин Идеи» он описывает свою биографию. Какую тяжелую жизнь он прожил!
Джек Лондон родился в Сан-Франциско в 1876 г. Он много пережил с самого детства. Он сменил много работ: продавал газеты, работал на фабрике. Он ненавидел такую работу, которая изнуряла людей и заставляла их страдать физически и нравственно.
Молодой Джек не имел возможности пойти в школу, поэтому, он занимался, самостоятельно читая, в основном ночью.
Когда на Аляске было найдено золото, Джек Лондон присоединился к золотой лихорадке. Он возвратился домой без золота, но с богатыми впечатлениями о людях, с которыми он встретился и подружился. Они стали прототипами его героев.
Американский романист и автор рассказов знал жизнь на Аляске очень хорошо, потому что испытал все на себе. Именно поэтому настолько интересно читать его романы «Зов природы» и «Белый клык». Его герои - умные люди. Они - физически сильны и выносливы. Они пытаются найти выход из самых трудных ситуаций. Они борются и выживают.
Самый первый рассказ, «Любовь к жизни», поразил мое воображение. Я был поражен силой воли больного человека, который оказался один, с глазу на глаз с волком. И человек, и волк были больны и слабы. И каждый из них ждал, когда другой станет более слабым, чтобы съесть его. Человек победил. Читая рассказ, я восхищался храбростью и силой духа героя.
Рассказ «Коричневый волк» не менее интересен. Он о собаке и ее преданности людям.
Позже я прочитал другие романы и рассказы Джека Лондона. Мое восхищение Джеком Лондоном, величайшим американским писателем, останется со мной на всю жизнь.
(1906)-depict elemental struggles for survival. During the 20th century he was one of the most extensively translated of American authors.
Jack London. George Grantham Bain Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ggbain-00676)Deserted by his father, a roving astrologer, he was raised in , California, by his spiritualist mother and his stepfather, whose surname, London, he took. At age 14 he quit school to escape poverty and gain adventure. He explored in his , alternately stealing or working for the government fish patrol. He went to Japan as a sailor and saw much of the United States as a hobo riding freight trains and as a member of Charles T. Kelly’s industrial army (one of the many protest armies of the unemployed, like , that was born of the financial panic of 1893). London saw depression conditions, was jailed for vagrancy, and in 1894 became a militant socialist.
London educated himself at public libraries with the writings of , and , usually in popularized forms. At 19 he crammed a four-year course into one year and entered the , Berkeley, but after a year he quit school to seek a fortune in the . Returning the next year, still poor and unable to find work, he decided to earn a living as a writer.
London studied magazines and then set himself a daily schedule of producing , jokes, anecdotes , adventure stories, or , steadily increasing his output. The optimism and energy with which he attacked his task are best conveyed in his autobiographical (1909). Within two years, stories of his Alaskan adventures began to win acceptance for their fresh subject matter and virile force. His first book, The Son of the Wolf: Tales of the Far North (1900), a collection of short stories that he had previously published in magazines, gained a wide audience.
During the remainder of his life, London wrote and published steadily, completing some 50 books of fiction and nonfiction in 17 years. Although he became the highest-paid writer in the United States at that time, his earnings never matched his expenditures, and he was never freed of the urgency of writing for money. He sailed a ketch to the South Pacific, telling of his adventures in The Cruise of the Snark (1911). In 1910 he settled on a ranch near Glen Ellen, California, where he built his grandiose Wolf House. He maintained his socialist beliefs almost to the end of his life.
Jack London’s output, typically hastily written, is of uneven literary quality, though his highly romanticized stories of adventure can be compulsively readable. His Alaskan novels (1903), (1906), and Burning Daylight (1910), in which he dramatized in turn atavism, adaptability, and the appeal of the wilderness, are outstanding. His (1908), set in the Klondike, is a masterly depiction of humankind’s inability to overcome nature; it was reprinted in 1910 in the short-story collection Lost Face , one of many such volumes that London published. In addition to Martin Eden , he wrote two other autobiographical novels of considerable interest: The Road (1907) and John Barleycorn (1913). Other important novels are (1904), which features a Nietzschean hero, Humphrey Van Weyden, who battles the vicious ; and (1908), a fantasy of the future that is a terrifying anticipation of